b. 1887d. 1953

Florence Price


Florence Price
The first Black American woman to have an orchestral piece played by a major American orchestra, Florence Beatrice Price’s reputation grew to importance in the 1930s alongside her colleagues William Grant Still and William Dawson. Photo: Florence Price, photograph by G. Nelidoff.

Listen

My Soul’s Been Anchored in the Lord
Colleen Cole Beucher, soprano; Josh Marzan, piano2:43

Florence Price

Composer

Spiritual

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Location

This recording was part of a concert during the American Song Institute 2022, which took place on the campus of the University of Michigan.

Night
Robert Wesley Mason, baritone; Sarah Thune, piano2:09

Florence Price

Composer

Louise C. Wallace

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Location

This recording was part of a concert during the American Song Institute 2022, which took place on the campus of the University of Michigan.

Spring
Tyrese Byrd, tenor; Sara Chiesa, piano1:41

Florence Price

Composer

Florence Price

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2021

Date

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Location

This recording was made possible by a grant from the University of Michigan, as part of the "Black Composer Speaks" Project.

The Sum
Chase Warren, soprano; Kathryn Goodson, piano2:47

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2021

Date

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Location

This recording was made possible by a grant from the University of Michigan, as part of the "Black Composer Speaks" Project.

The Poet and His Song
Minnita Daniel Cox, soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano3:31

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

Because
Minnita Daniel Cox, soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano2:19

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

Dreamin’ Town
Alexis Davis-Hazell, mezzo-soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano3:12

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

What’s the Use?
Alexis Davis-Hazell, mezzo-soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano1:13

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

“Sympathy” (from “Five Art Songs”)
Marcía Porter, soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano2:32

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

I Grew a Rose
Marcía Porter, soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano3:29

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

My Neighbor
Alexis Davis-Hazell, mezzo-soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano2:32

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

Beside the Sea
Marcía Porter, soprano and Rosalyn Wright Floyd, piano2:09

Florence Price

Composer

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 8pm concert ("My Sister’s Keeper") on Friday, October 14, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

“Day Dawns” (from “Three Short Songs”)
Christine Jobson, soprano; Katie Franklin Ledsinger , piano1:09

Florence Price

Composer

Angelina Grimké

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

“The Crescent Moon” (from “Three Short Songs”)
Christine Jobson, soprano; Katie Franklin Ledsinger, piano0:40

Florence Price

Composer

Louise Charlotte Wallace

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

“The Broken Bowl “(from “Three Short Songs”)
Christine Jobson, soprano; Katie Franklin Ledsinger, piano1:22

Florence Price

Composer

Wesley Custright

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

Hold Fast to Dreams
Charles Moore, tenor; Kaitlyn Rittner, piano1:53

Florence Price

Composer

Langston Hughes

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

Travel’s End
Charles Moore, tenor; Kaitlyn Rittner, piano1:58

Florence Price

Composer

Mary Folwell Hoisington

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

To My Little Son
Charles Moore, tenor; Kaitlyn Rittner, piano1:38

Florence Price

Composer

Julia Johnson Davis

Poet(s)/Writer(s)

2022

Date

University of California, Irvine, Winifred Smith Hall

Location

This recording was part of a 10am concert ("In Memorium – Dorothy Rudd Moore 1940–2022") on Saturday, October 15, 2022 during the 25th Anniversary African American Art Song Alliance Conference. The concert venue was Winifred Smith Hall at the University of California, Irvine.

About

Born in Little Rock, Arkansas on April 9th, 1887, Florence Beatrice Price began playing the piano and composing at age four. Her father was the only Black dentist in their town, and her mother was a music teacher who inspired Price’s early interest in music. 

In 1903, when Price was only 16 years old, she began her studies at the New England Conservatory. During her time at university she took private composition lessons with George Whitfield Chadwick. Under Chadwick’s mentorship, Price experimented with African American folk inspirations in her compositions—something that would guide the rest of her musical career.

After earning her Artist’s Diploma in organ performance and a piano teacher’s diploma, Price returned to the South and taught in two schools before heading the music department at Clark University in Atlanta. She married in 1912, returning to Little Rock for several years, but was ultimately forced to uproot and join the Great Migration due to race riots and lynchings. In 1926, Price and her family moved to Chicago.

Price found a rich and vibrant community of Black musicians in Chicago. She began studying at the American Conservatory, initiating a compositionally prolific and creative period of her life that solidified her as part of the Chicago Black Renaissance. In 1932, she rose to national prominence when her Symphony in E minor won the Rodman Wanamaker Music competition and was performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. This historic concert made Price the first Black woman to have a symphony performed by a major national orchestra. A short while later, Marian Anderson performed Price’s My Soul’s Been Anchored in de Lord and Songs to the Dark Virgin on the world stage, boosting Price’s fame even further. 

Price’s songs were performed by many prominent singers of her day, including Leontyne Price, Blanche Thebom, and Etta Moten. Her compositional style combined contemporary influences, such as those of the Harlem Renaissance and African American cultural heritage, with neo-Romanticism, which was popular among composers at that time. Price’s orchestral compositions drew particular inspiration from the work of Dvorak, with her first symphony both mirroring his ninth and altering its established form to include a chorale and juba dance. 

By the time of her death in 1953, Price had composed four symphonies, three piano concertos, and two piano concertos, as well as countless choral works, art songs, spiritual arrangements, and other solo and chamber works. According to the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, over 300 of her compositions, mostly songs and piano pieces, still remain unpublished. Additional compositions continue to be discovered to this day.

Price faced significant racial and gendered discrimination which precluded her from attaining widespread recognition within the classical mainstream during her lifetime, yet her music has continued to flourish. Florence Louise Robinson, Price’s daughter, helped bring wider recognition to Price’s works. Scholars such as Rae Linda Brown, Helen Walker-Hill, and Samantha Ege have also played an instrumental role in promoting study and performance of Price’s music. From Price’s deep connection with her own communities to the dedication of subsequent scholars, her work has endured. 

—Sophia Janevic

This profile was edited in 2023 as part of the Song of America Fellowship Program, a project of the Classic Song Research Initiative between the Hampsong Foundation and the University of Michigan, School of Music, Theatre, and Dance.

 

Sources:

Brown, Rae Linda. “Price [née Smith], Florence Bea(trice).” Grove Music Online. 30 Mar. 2020; Accessed 17 Aug. 2023. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-90000367402.

Ege, Samantha. “Florence Beatrice Price.” Liner Notes for Price, Florence. Fantasie Nègre: The Piano Music of Florence Price. Samantha Ege, performer. Lontano Records, 2021. CD.

Songs

A Flea and a FlyFour Encore SongsFlorence PriceOgden NashA White RoseFlorence PriceJohn Boyle O’ReillyAn April Day1949Florence PriceJoseph Seamon Cotter, Jr.BecauseFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarBeside the SeaFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarBewildermentFlorence PriceLangston Hughes“Come, come,” said Tom’s FatherFour Encore SongsFlorence PriceDawn’s Awakening1936Florence PriceJames Joseph BurkeDreamin’ Town1934Florence PricePaul Laurence DunbarFantasy in PurpleFive Art SongsFlorence PriceLangston HughesFeet o’ Jesus1930Florence PriceLangston HughesFive Art SongsFlorence PriceLangston Hughes, Mary Folwell Hoisington, Julia Johnson Davis, Paul Laurence DunbarForeverFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarFour Encore SongsFlorence PriceGraham Lee Hemminger, Ogden NashGo Down, Moses1936Florence PriceSpiritualHold Fast To Dreams1945 · Five Art SongsFlorence PriceLangston HughesI Am Bound for the KingdomTwo Traditional Negro SpiritualsFlorence PriceSpiritualI Grew a RoseFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarI’m Goin’ to Lay Down My Heavy LoadFlorence PriceSpiritualI’m Workin’ on My Buildin’Two Traditional Negro SpiritualsFlorence PriceSpiritualLove-in-a-mistFlorence PriceMary Rolofson GambleMy Dream1935Florence PriceLangston HughesMy Little Soul’s Goin’ to ShineFlorence PriceSpiritualMy NeighborFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarMy Soul’s Been Anchored in the Lord1937Florence PriceSpiritualNight1946Florence PriceLouise C. WallaceOut of the South Blew a Wind1946Florence PriceFannie Carter WoodsResignationFlorence PriceFlorence PriceRise MournerFlorence PriceSpiritualSave Me Lord, Save MeFlorence PriceSpiritualSome o’ These DaysFlorence PriceSpiritualSong of the Open RoadFour Encore SongsFlorence PriceOgden NashSong to the Dark Virgin1941Florence PriceLangston HughesSpring1913Florence PriceFlorence PriceSunsetFlorence PriceOdessa P. ElderSympathyFive Art SongsFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarThe Glory of the Day was in Her FaceFlorence PriceJames Weldon JohnsonThe Moon Bridge1930Florence PriceMary Rolofson GambleThe Heart of a WomanFlorence PriceGeorgia Douglas JohnsonThe Poet and His SongFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarThe SumFlorence PricePaul Laurence DunbarThe WasherwomanFlorence PriceOtto Leland BohananTo My Little SonFive Art SongsFlorence PriceJulia Johnson DavisTobaccoFour Encore SongsFlorence PriceGraham Lee HemmingerTravel’s EndFive Art SongsFlorence PriceMary Folwell HoisingtonTrouble Done Come My Way1939Florence PriceFlorence PriceTwo Traditional Negro SpiritualsFlorence PriceSpiritualWe Have TomorrowFlorence PriceLangston HughesWeary Traveler1951Florence PriceSpiritualWhat’s the Use?1937Florence PricePaul Laurence DunbarWords For a SpiritualFlorence PriceSpiritualYou Won’t Find a Man Like JesusFlorence PriceSpiritualDay DawnsThree Short SongsFlorence PriceAngelina Weld GrimkéThe Crescent MoonThree Short SongsFlorence PriceThe Broken BowlThree Short SongsFlorence Price

Video

Records

2023

Because

Henry T. Burleigh, Florence Price, Spiritual

Books

The Heart of a Woman: the Life and Music of Florence B. Price

Rae Linda Brown

Sheet Music